URINARY IMMUNOGLOBULIN G AS A PARAMETER FOR EARLY DETECTION OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME

Abstract

Background and aim: Both metabolic syndrome (MetS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are silent major global health issues and are major risk factors of cardiovascular and all cause death. Patients with MetS are at a significantly higher risk for CKD. Urinary IgG is an important marker protein for early glomerular damage and increased urinary IgG levels was found to be useful predictor of diabetic kidney disease in normoalbuminuric patients. We aimed to assess urinary immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels as a predictor of early CKD in subjects with MetS. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 81 adult individuals were enrolled. All participants were divided into 2 groups: with MetS (56 in MetS group) and without MetS (25 in non-MetS group), with MetS being identified using the NCEP-ATPIII criteria. Patients with known CKD, DM, neoplasm, infection or autoimmune diseases and pregnant women were excluded. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical measures including urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), serum fasting plasma glucose, creatinine, lipid profiles, Haemoglobin A1c and fasting plasma Insulin were performed for all participants. IgG concentrations were measured by using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and correlated these levels with urinary ACR and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR). CKD was identified by albuminuria and estimating GFR using the CKD-EPI equation. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the chances of elevated urinary IgG levels associated with MetS and its components.