Sportive Activities in Homeric Epics

Abstract

In this study, it is aimed to evaluate and discuss sports activities in Homer's epic works known as Iliad and Odessa. A literature review was conducted. The word Athlete or Athlete is seen to be used for the first time in the works of Homer. Homer is possible to consider Homer's poems as literary epics and as evidence of early Greek sports history. In the Ilia, it can be understood that in ancient Greece, "the main goal of every athlete or sportsman" was victory or winning. It is always intended to be superior. Athletes were invited to funeral ceremonies or social games and were given the opportunity to compete. In Homeric epics, it is told that the gods sometimes contribute to the success of athletes. In ancient Greece, sports activities were seen in the form of gods and heroes competing with each other or animals from very early periods. Conclusion: 8 sports events or activities are extensively mentioned in the Homeric epics Iliad and Odessa. An epic understanding of sports seems to have permeated every aspect of both public and daily life. The sporting activities carried out in the Iliad are counted as car races, athletics runs, boxing, wrestling, armed fights, discus throwing, archery and javelin. While it is stated that dancing, ball games, gymnastics and acrobatic shows, and horse riding were performed in Odessa, there is uncertainty about pentathlon and high jump.